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The Baltimore Case: A Trial of Politics, Science, and Character |  | Author: Daniel J. Kevles Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company Category: Book
List Price: $29.95 Buy Used: $0.20 as of 9/6/2010 05:15 PDT details You Save: $29.75 (99%)
New (18) Used (67) Collectible (5) from $0.20
Rating: 7 reviews Sales Rank: 944552
Media: Hardcover Edition: 1 Pages: 509 Number Of Items: 1 Shipping Weight (lbs): 2.1 Dimensions (in): 9.4 x 6.8 x 1.8
ISBN: 0393041034 Dewey Decimal Number: 364.163 EAN: 9780393041033 ASIN: 0393041034
Publication Date: September 1998 Availability: Usually ships in 1-2 business days
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| Editorial Reviews:
Amazon.com Review In a perfect world, science wouldn't be done by human beings, since despite our best efforts, we aren't truly objective about anything. When personality and emotion inevitably get mixed up with science, sparks can fly. The most notorious such conflagration in recent times was The Baltimore Case, a decade-long dispute between supposedly objective scientists that resulted in excruciating trials, sensational headlines, and damaged careers and lives. Historian Daniel Kevles tells the story of the accusations of fraud leveled by Margot O'Toole toward her colleagues, Thereza Imanishi-Kari and Nobel Prize-winner David Baltimore. Kevles first explains the controversial experimental results and the paper published outlining them. O'Toole was unable to reproduce the results of Imanishi-Kari and accused her of falsifying data, also implicating the high-profile Baltimore, coauthor of the original paper. In the following years, all participants in the investigation were subjected to dehumanizing, humiliating scrutiny--including a congressional inquiry not unlike a mini-witch-hunt--and nasty comments gleefully reported by a media eager for a big scientific scandal. Kevles comes down on the side of the self-admittedly sloppy Imanishi-Kari (who was officially exonerated in 1996) and Baltimore, painting O'Toole as a well-motivated but overenthusiastic watchdog manipulated by embarrassingly eager investigators. This book is a valuable lesson in how uneasily humanity and science share the laboratory. Even our best and brightest can be brought low by jealousy, carelessness, and deception. --Therese Littleton
Product Description The most significant clash of science and principle in our time-a dramatic witch hunt played out in the scientific arena. David Baltimore won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1975, at the age of thirty-seven. A leading researcher and a respected public figure, Baltimore rose steadily through the ranks of the scientific community; in 1990, he was named president of the world-renowned Rockefeller University. Less than a year and a half later, Baltimore was forced to resign amid public allegations of fraud. Daniel Kevles's penetrating investigation of what became known as the Baltimore case reveals a scientific inquisition in which Baltimore and Thereza Imanishi-Kari, former colleagues at MIT, were unjustly accused and vilified in the name of scientific integrity and the public trust. While never accused of wrongdoing himself, Baltimore had staunchly defended the work and integrity of Imanishi-Kari when her findings came under attack from postdoctoral fellow Margot O'Toole. Backed by fervent fraud-seekers at the National Institutes of Health, a congressman eager to unearth scientific misconduct, and a media gone out of control, O'Toole's whistle-blowing played perfectly to a public that did not fully understand the methods of science. Kevles's eloquent and absorbing work vindicates Baltimore and Imanishi-Kari after their decade-long battle. But Kevles also raises critical questions about the way science works and about the complex discord between the public's right to accountability and the scientist's need for autonomy in the laboratory.
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| Customer Reviews:
Showing reviews 1-5 of 7
Paradise lost February 4, 2006 lone ranger (india) 2 out of 10 found this review helpful
There used to be a time when those occupying certain hallowed positions could do no wrong, and this included academia and business. However, recent events in the business world have confirmed that the top of the pyramid can and does crumble under the weight of wrong doings. An example is the ENRON case. Another, the Huttenback case (UC Santa Barbabra). I am an admirer of scientists who spend days without sleep in the lab trying to get some elusive result or photo, and when they do, or think they do, trivialities such as data records are forgotten. However, reproducibility -- which is the buzz word in many of these cases, needs to be defined.
If I drop my glass of champagne, can it be reproduced? I challenge anyone to reproduce the exact number of fragments and their shapes. However, as engineers know, the statistical parameters can be reasonably ascertained over many experiments.
Now if data is supposed to be forged, this can also be determined using sampling theory. In the Iwanishi Kari-Baltimore case, this test was not applied. I wrote to Nature about it in 1992 but they did not publish my letter. The so called fraudulent data can still be tested ( it was published if I recall in Nature among many heated letters).
Regarding breaking of samples I have also experienced accusations of being unscientific when challenged to reproduce the data.( Method of preparation was not mentioned if I recall). I published a paper on polymethylmethacrylate fracture where I attempted to correlate structure with breaking strengths. Some ignoramuses challenged it and brought in the attorney general of a southern state to try to ruin my career. I republished the paper in another international journal. I later learned that the protagonist of this piece had obtained a NIH grant mentioning some of the earlier results. When informed of the facts, NIH did not take notice of this. Earlier when the "Reproducers" were asked to appear at an inquiry to confront me, they did not do so. They had even asked me to apply for a Dupont grant.
A GOOD SCIENCE WHODUNIT November 14, 2005 G. L. Rowsey (benicia, ca United States) 1 out of 1 found this review helpful
For me The Baltimore Case was edifying and a pleasure to read. I recommend it highly to anyone like myself who followed desultorily the media's presentation of the proceedings before the Congressional Subcommittee as putting "Science on Trial," but without any grasp of the underlying science. And I agree with the previous reviewers' conclusion that the book is too long although I attribute its length to the author's commitment to thoroughness.
I finished The Baltimore Case feeling I'd learned a lot about viral research in an academic setting, the role of personality conflicts in this research, and the editorial practices of scientific journals like Cell. (Excuse me for not saying more about the political, scientific, and personal disputes that the book so fascinatingly details, but to my mind they are commendably covered in the other reviews.) I especially admired the author's sustained treatment of the central story as a murder mystery with no murderer and everyone the victims, as well as his clear presentation of the underlying scientific facts. Professor Kevles did a very impressive job.
Will the politicans vanquish the scientists? April 29, 2003 Preston Hunt (Portland, OR United States) 7 out of 7 found this review helpful
As an engineer by training and profession, this book really makes my blood boil. It's basically the true story of some scientists at MIT who publish a paper on immunology. A student of one of the professors challenges that some of the data in the paper was faked, and an epic of Phyrric proportions ensues. In the 10 years that this book covers, scientific careers are ruined, researchers are vilified in the media and in the court of public opinion, and (most troubling of all to me) our elected officials engage in a witch hunt of completely innocent scientists. In particular, Senator John Dingell (Michigan) and his staff are revealed as complete devils; the author has thoroughly documented and footnoted the evidence in the case, so there is really little doubt that Mr. Dingell is as pernicious as he is portrayed in this book. Unfortunately, Mr. Dingell is still a senator to this day and no doubt is still out "to get" the scientists involved. Fortunately for science (and society), history has proven the scientists involved innocent and they have all been restored to preeminent positions in the scientific community. Be forewarned that this is quite a tomb, weighing in at hundreds of pages of meaty scientific and political reading. At times, I contemplated giving up on it, but as the story unfolded, I wanted to see just how far this tragic comedy would unfold. The subject matter (immunology) is far removed from the layperson and I found myself at times not understanding the concepts fully. Luckily, this book is more about the sociopolitical ramifications of the science, and thus not understanding the science does not detract from the novel.
A clear case of sides... February 11, 2002 12 out of 22 found this review helpful
If ever there was a clear case of people choosing sides based on what they believe a priori, this is it. While some authors (Judy Sarasohm for example) followed this case from both sides, Kevles obviously entered the discussion with a judgement to be excused. The case of Imanishi-Kari v. O' Toole is one that should have be decided in science, by scientists. But the intervention and face-saving by David Baltimore caused this case to linger half a decade beyond it's merit.
This book wends its way through the facts of the case in 512 pages, but prejudges it's view from page 1. Science isn't the question; in the original paper, the Tufts review, the MIT review, the NIH review or the Secret Service investigation.
Rather, the intent is clear from the beginning, politics has no place in science, except when practiced by Nobel laureates.
Read "Science On Trial" as well, to see an honest (but admittedly poor) author explain the entire case, instead of a biased view decrying the proper research.
Science and the Politics of Science December 1, 2001 6 out of 7 found this review helpful
Kevles has written a masterful account of the Baltimore Case (Imanishi-Kari Case might be better). I can only second the glowing reviews already on this page. A few things that might interest the general reader: at the time of this book's publication, Baltimore-bashing was practically a national sport among scientists. Kevles set out to write a balanced account, and he has done so-- it is a good job all around, as Yale recognized when it gave him an endowed chair recently (Caltech's loss, alas!). Information subsequent to its publication only enhances Baltimore's stature. Unfortunately, like the French Dreyfus case that it resembled at times, too many prominent people said too many harsh things about Baltimore that they cannot retract. Contrary to at least one of the editorial reviewers, it is clear now that Kevles was too hard on Baltimore and company, but so many people attacked Baltimore(Nature's Maddox, Paul Doty, Jim Watson, W.Gilbert, J Darnell, G. Blobel, and a whole nascent federal bureaucracy, inter alia) that these contemporary anti-Dreyfusards will never be refuted. Be that as it may, read this account to get a detailed study of how scientists and government can go wrong, all while trying to do the right thing.
Showing reviews 1-5 of 7
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